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電気で海岸浸食と戦う(Fighting coastal erosion with electricity)

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2024-08-22 ノースウェスタン大学

ノースウェスタン大学の研究により、海岸線の砂を強化し、浸食を防ぐための新たな方法が開発されました。この方法は、海水中の溶解ミネラルを利用し、軽い電流を用いて砂粒を結合する「天然セメント」を生成するものです。このプロセスにより、海岸線を何世代にもわたって保護し、従来の高価な防護構造物やセメント注入の必要性を大幅に削減できます。電流による砂の強化は逆転も可能で、環境に優しく、多用途に利用できるとされています。

<関連情報>

海洋シリカサンドにおける海水からの石灰質セメントの電着 Electrodeposition of calcareous cement from seawater in marine silica sands

Andony Landivar Macias,Steven D. Jacobsen & Alessandro F. Rotta Loria

Communications Earth & Environment  Published:22 August 2024

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01604-3

電気で海岸浸食と戦う(Fighting coastal erosion with electricity)

Abstract

The erosion of marine sediments is a pressing issue for coastal areas worldwide. Established methods to mitigate coastal erosion fail to provide lasting and sustainable solutions to protect marine ecosystems. Here we demonstrate the application of mild electrical stimulations to precipitate calcareous mineral binders from seawater in the pores of marine soils via electrodeposition, an alternative approach to mitigating coastal erosion. Results of electrochemical laboratory experiments unveil that the polymorphs, precipitation sites, intrusion mechanisms, and effects of electrodeposited minerals in marine sands vary as a function of the magnitude and duration of applied voltage, soil relative density, and electrolyte ionic concentration. Surprisingly, in addition to the precipitation of calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide, the formation of hydromagnesite is also observed due to electrically driven fluctuations in the local pH. These electrodeposits lead to enhanced mechanical and hydraulic properties of the marine sands, indicating that electrodeposition routes could be developed to reinforce marine soils in coastal areas that more closely mimic natural systems.

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0904河川砂防及び海岸海洋
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