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再帰反射材が未来の都市の涼しさを保つのに役立つ可能性(Retro-reflectors could help future cities keep their cool)

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2024-04-16 プリンストン大学

プリンストン大学のエンジニアらは、都市の熱を和らげるため、太陽放射線を反射させる方法の冷却効果を調査しました。建物や道路に反射材料を使うと、表面温度が最大36°F、周囲の空気温度が約5°F下がり、皮膚温度も1°F低下します。これは、高層都市などでの都市の熱を軽減するための有望な戦略であり、実用的なガイドラインも提供されました。

<関連情報>

再帰反射表面を最適化することで、放射線を閉じ込めず、都市を涼しくする Optimizing retro-reflective surfaces to untrap radiation and cool cities

Xinjie Huang,Elie Bou-Zeid,Ilaria Pigliautile,Anna Laura Pisello & Jyotirmoy Mandal
Nature Cities  Published:11 March 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s44284-024-00047-3

再帰反射材が未来の都市の涼しさを保つのに役立つ可能性(Retro-reflectors could help future cities keep their cool)

Abstract

Extreme heat and its various impacts are a growing threat to cities and their residents, and it is increasingly clear that portfolios of solutions are needed to mitigate the resulting risks. Here we comprehensively evaluate and optimize the application of existing retro-reflective (RR) materials, which reflect incoming solar radiation back to the sky, on urban surfaces to cool them. Using detailed energy budget models, we show that RR walls and pavements decrease urban canyon surface temperatures by up to 20 °C and canyon air temperatures by up to 2.6 °C, outperforming highly reflective surfaces, with a notable improvement in pedestrian thermal comfort (up to 0.55 °C and 153 W m−2 reductions in human skin temperature and net radiative gain, respectively). We then develop optimized RR design guidelines for diverse climatic conditions, latitudes, seasons and urban geometries. On the basis of our analysis, we recommend RR pavements for open, low-rise areas and propose specific RR wall design strategies for compact, high-rise areas.

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