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新しいワークフローがライフサイクル分析を循環型住宅に適応させる(New Workflow Adapts Life Cycle Analysis for Circular Homes)

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2024-04-04 パシフィック・ノースウェスト国立研究所(PNNL)

パシフィックノースウェスト国立研究所(PNNL)の建築研究者らは、住宅建築の材料と建設に関連する炭素排出量を大幅に削減するために、全体的な建物ライフサイクル分析(WBLCA)を設計プロセス全体に統合する新しいワークフローを開発しました。このワークフローは、分解と再組み立てが可能な「循環型ホーム」に適した既存のWBLCAソフトウェアを適応させる計算手法によって支援されています。新手法は、環境的持続可能性の目標に向けて建築家、エンジニア、環境専門家の間での協力を促進し、建物のデザインプロセス全体でライフサイクル分析を組み込むことを可能にしています。

<関連情報>

建物全体のLCAを低炭素設計プロセスにつなげる戦略 Strategies for connecting whole-building LCA to the low-carbon design process

Kieren H McCord, Heather E Dillon, Patricia Gunderson, Sadie Carlson, Adam R Phillips, Darrin Griechen and Chrissi A Antonopoulos
Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability  Published: 5 January 2024
DOI:10.1088/2634-4505/ad17ce

新しいワークフローがライフサイクル分析を循環型住宅に適応させる(New Workflow Adapts Life Cycle Analysis for Circular Homes)

Abstract

Decarbonization is essential to meeting urgent climate goals. With the building sector in the United States accounting for 35% of total U.S. carbon emissions, reducing environmental impacts within the built environment is critical. Whole-building life cycle analysis (WBLCA) quantifies the impacts of a building throughout its life cycle. Despite being a powerful tool, WBLCA is not standard practice in the integrated design process. When WBLCA is used, it is typically either speculative and based on early design information or conducted only after design completion as an accounting measure, with virtually no opportunity to impact the actual design. This work proposes a workflow for fully incorporating WBLCA into the building design process in an iterative, recursive manner, where design decisions impact the WBLCA, which in turn informs future design decisions. We use the example of a negative-operational carbon modular building seeking negative upfront embodied carbon using bio-based materials for carbon sequestration as a case study for demonstrating the utility of the framework. Key contributions of this work include a framework of computational processes for conducting iterative WBLCA, using a combination of an existing building WBLCA tool (Tally) within the building information modeling superstructure (Revit) and a custom script (in R) for materials, life cycle stages, and workflows not available in the WBLCA tool. Additionally, we provide strategies for harmonizing the environmental impacts of novel materials or processes from various life cycle inventory sources with materials or processes in existing building WBLCA tool repositories. These strategies are useful for those involved in building design with an interest in reducing their environmental impact. For example, this framework would be useful for researchers who are conducting WBLCAs on projects that include new or unusual materials and for design teams who want to integrate WBLCA more fully into their design process in order to ensure the building materials are consciously chosen to advance climate goals, while still ensuring best performance by traditional measures.

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